Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primer sequences of OCT2, OAT1, OAT3, P-gp, MATE1, MATE2K, MRP2 genes.

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Values of the binding energies of berberine and berberrubine to seven transporter proteins in the kidney (Kcal/mol).

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular docking illustrations of BBR and BBRR with seven transport proteins respectively. (A) BBR docked with OAT1. (B) BBR docked with OAT3. (C) BBR docked with OCT2. (D) BBR docked with MATE1. (E) BBR docked with MATE2K. (F) BBR docked with P‐gp. (G) BBR docked with MRP2. (H) BBRR docked with OAT1. (I) BBRR docked with OAT3. (J) BBRR docked with OCT2. (K) BBRR docked with MATE1. (L) BBRR docked with MATE2K. (M) BBRR docked with P‐gp. (N) BBRR docked with MRP2.

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: Trends of metformin, methotrexate, estrone-3-sulfate, topotecan, rhodamine 123, and vinblastine concentration under different dosing time conditions in cells lysates or extracellular medium from HEK-293 cells. Blank control (BC), raw Phellodendri Chinensis cortex (RPC), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex with salt-water processing (SPC), berberine (BBR), berberrubine (BBRR). (A) The trend of MET concentration changes mediated by OCT2. (B) The trend of MTX concentration changes mediated by OAT1. (C) The trend of E3S concentration changes mediated by OAT3. (D) The trend of Rho123 concentration changes mediated by P-gp. (E) The trend of TOP concentration changes mediated by MATE1 and MATE2K. (F) The trend of VBL concentration changes mediated by MRP2 (n = 3).

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of various solutions on each substrate accumulation transported by renal transport proteins. Blank control (BC), raw Phellodendri Chinensis cortex (RPC), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex with salt-water processing (SPC), berberine (BBR), berberrubine (BBRR) (A) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of MET transported by OCT2. (B) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of MTX transported by OAT1. (C) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of E3S transported by OAT3. (D) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of Rho123 transported by P-gp. (E) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of TOP transported by MATE1 and MATE2K. (F) The effect of various solutions on the accumulation of VBL transported by MRP2. Compared with the RPC group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001; compared with the SPC group, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, #### p < 0.0001 (n = 3).

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of various solutions on the protein expression of MATE1, MATE2K, P-gp, MRP2. Blank control (BC), raw Phellodendri Chinensis cortex (RPC), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex with salt-water processing (SPC), berberine (BBR), berberrubine (BBRR). (A) MATE1, MATE2K, P-gp, MRP2 protein expression bands in HEK-293 cells. (B) The effect of various solutions on MATE1 protein expression level. (C) The effect of various solutions on MATE2K protein expression level. (D) The effect of various solutions on P-gp protein expression level. (E) The effect of various solutions on MRP2 protein expression level. Compared with the BC group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001; compared with the RPC group, □ p < 0.05, □□ p < 0.01, □□□ p < 0.001, □□□□ p < 0.0001; compared with the BBR group, △ p < 0.05, △△ p < 0.01, △△△ p < 0.001, △△△△ p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: A strategy for evaluating the impact of processing of Chinese meteria medica on meridian tropism: the influence of salt-water processing of phellodendri chinensis cortex on renal transport proteins

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1558298

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of various solutions to MATE1, MATE2K, P-gp, MRP2 mRNA expression level. Blank control (BC), raw Phellodendri Chinensis cortex (RPC), Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex with salt-water processing (SPC), berberine (BBR), berberrubine (BBRR). (A) The effect of various solutions on MATE1 mRNA expression level. (B) The effect of various solutions on MATE2K mRNA expression level. (C) The effect of various solutions on P-gp mRNA expression level. (D) The effect of various solutions on MRP2 mRNA expression level Compared with the BC group, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001; compared with the RPC group, □ p < 0.05, □□ p < 0.01, □□□ p < 0.001, □□□□ p < 0.0001; compared with the BBR group, △ p < 0.05, △△ p < 0.01, △△△ p < 0.001, △△△△ p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: DMEM high glucose medium (Cat. No.: 8123207), PBS buffer salt solution (Cat. No.: 20210927) were purchased from Gibco (Waltham, Massachusetts, United States), fetal bovine serum (Cat. No.: ST200913) was purchased from PAN (Aden Bach, Free State of Bavaria, Germany), penicillin-streptomycin-Amphotericin B Mixed Triple Antibody Solution (Cat. No.: 20220519JH), 20×TBST buffer (Cat. No.: T1082), Whole Protein Lysis Kit (Cat. No.: BC3710), TRIzol Lysis Solution (Cat. No.: 15596018CN), ECL PLUS Ultra-Sensitive Luminescent Solution (Cat. No.: PE0010), dimethyl sulfoxide (Cat. No.: 710N0310), metformin (Cat. No.: D9351, purity≥98%), methotrexate (Cat. No.: M8971, purity≥98%), rhodamine123 (Cat. No.: R8030, purity≥98%), topotecan (Cat. No.: IT1030, purity≥98%) were purchased from Solarbio Science and Technology Co. Ltd (Beijing, China), SDS-PAGE Protein Sampling Buffer 5× (Cat. No.: P0015L) was purchased from Beyotime Bio-Tech Ltd (Shanghai, China), OCT2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 10867-2-AP), OAT1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26574-1-AP), OAT3 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 16844-1-AP), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20,898), P-gp rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 22336-1-AP), MATE1 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 20898-1-AP), MATE2K rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 26873-1-AP), MRP2 rabbit anti-polyclonal antibody (Cat. No.: 29261-1-AP), Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG II Antibody (Cat. No.: 20001097) were purchased from the Proteintech (Wuhan, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Control